Climate change dynamics enables a number of new companies and businesses to emerge. With a point of departure in Geels’ multi-level perspective model [1], conceptualizing the landscape Cleantech companies operate in, this paper looks into what it takes for a niche company to be able to manoeuvre, evolve and mature. Cleantech Niche Development is defined as a way of acting which enables Cleantech companies to move up in the Cleantech landscape. A company that manages to perform successful Cleantech Niche Development will be able to have an environmental and economic sustainable business with prospects to a future without subsidies, enabling them to compete with companies from the dominant regime. The empirical background work has been six qualitative interviews with niche Cleantech companies, Cleantech networks and governmental institutions. By combining theory and empirical material, Cleantech Niche Development is found to distinguish itself (from general niche development) in the following five elements; cleantech marketing, political aspects, networking, strategizing and social relations. The overall competences the Cleantech leaders should possess also encompasses the ability to act in chaos upon the paradoxical and complex surroundings while making meaning for their companions and network.

This paper begins by presenting the values obtained for heat loss of the Earth through the surface to the atmosphere and the sources of this heat. We conclude that the thermal energy of the Earth is immense. We then explain w the different uses of geothermal energy. We present the different types of geothermal plants used in high temperature reservoirs, the binary plants that can use lower temperature fluids, and hot dry rock reservoirs in regions of high heat flux but without geothermal reservoirs. In the direct use of geothermal energy we present the different types of geothermal heat pumps and how they work. Tables of installed geothermal electrical capacity in 2007 and 2010,direct use of geothermal energy in 2005, number of ground source heat pumps installed in 2007 and an estimation for 2008 in European Countries, installed capacity of ground source heat pumps in European Countries in 2008 and HDR or EGS projects show us which countries are using geothermal energy and the way it is used. In the environmental aspects we show why geothermal is a clean energy. At the end we present some forecasts for geothermal installation in the next years.

Growing energy demands and the desire to reduce pollution has increased consideration of unconventional power plant technologies. Electricity production through harnessing geothermal energy is one of the main technologies being explored as an option to replace fossil fuel technologies. Geothermal energy is plentiful and can be harnessed as a renewable source of energy with the use of a variety of systems and technologies. Multiple classifications of geothermal energy exist, that are dependent on the local conditions of high geothermal activity, as well as associated systems to accommodate the conditions for power production. This report explores and reviews geothermal power generation, including resources, energy conversion systems, world status, recent technological advancements and research.